Evolving Cooperative Communicative Behaviour
نویسندگان
چکیده
Communication is an essential skill for cooperative tasks, yet neuroevolved agents struggle to develop communicative behaviour. In fact, it has been shown that communicating agents are sometimes outperformed by noncommunicating ones on tasks that ostensibly require communication. In our paper, we explore mechanisms which could aid agents in developing communication through evolution. Specifically, we examine the idea of an opt-in mechanism whereby agents communicate only on request – the idea being that by eliminating communication when agents deem unnecessary, evolution is presented with less information to understand and organise. Spurious input would serve only to distract evolution and cause it to explore unconstructive lines of development, hence we expect to find opt-in controllers evolving better solutions faster. Additionally, we explore an extension of the opt-in mechanism wherein agents receive fitness penalties for each communication request made. The idea behind this is to incentivise agents to communicate efficiently, or more colorfully, to incentivise them to not distract evolution. We test the performance of agents with opt-in controllers on a task where communication and cooperative behaviour is required only half of the time; the rest of the time, agents are assigned fitness based on actions independent of each other. Their performance is compared to those of agents which communicate constantly and to noncommunicative agents. We do indeed find that opt-in controllers outperform the other kinds, although contrary to our expectations, they underperform the other controllers through the early stages of evolution.
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تاریخ انتشار 2016